Jakarta, Indonesia Sentinel — Mount Merapi, situated on the border of Yogyakarta and Central Java, continues to exhibit heightened volcanic activity. The Geological Disaster Technology Research and Development Center (BPPTKG) reported significant events over the past week, from November 25 to December 5, 2024, including pyroclastic flows and extensive lava avalanches.
Recent Activity
BPPTKG Chief Agus Budi Santoso detailed that one pyroclastic flow traveled 1,400 meters southwest toward the upper reaches of the Krasak River. Additionally, 84 lava avalanches were observed heading southwest to the Bebeng River, reaching distances of up to 1,800 meters. Eight others flowed toward the Krasak River, and one reached the Senowo River, covering 500 meters.
Small rumbling sounds were recorded once from the Babadan Observation Post.
Morphological analyses from the Deles5, Ngepos, and Babadan2 stations revealed significant changes to the southwest dome due to growth and material discharges. The dome’s volume increased to 3.27 million cubic meters. Meanwhile, the central dome showed no notable changes, maintaining its volume of 2.36 million cubic meters.
Geological Observations
Throughout the week, Merapi recorded 1,513 rockfall earthquakes, 900 multiphase quakes, five shallow volcanic and tectonic quakes, and one pyroclastic earthquake. Ground deformation, measured using EDM, indicated a daily shortening rate of 0.4 cm—slightly higher than the previous week.
Alert Status and Hazards
Mount Merapi remains at Alert Level III (Siaga) since November 2020. This phase, active since January 4, 2021, involves continuous dome growth at the southwest rim and the central crater.
Current hazards include:
- Pyroclastic flows and lava avalanches: Up to 7 km along the Krasak, Bedog, and Bebeng Rivers (southwest-southern sectors).
- Volcanic ash fallout: Reaching a radius of 3 km from the summit.
- Lahar threats: Potential during heavy rain.
Residents and visitors are advised to avoid high-risk areas, especially near riverbanks downstream of the affected zones.
Indonesia’s Warns Peak Rainy Season Expected During Christmas and New Year Holidays
Community Advisory
BPPTKG urges communities to remain vigilant, anticipate disruptions from volcanic ash, and prepare for potential evacuation orders. Regular updates will be provided as conditions evolve.
“Safety remains the priority. Avoid restricted zones, and follow directives from authorities,” Agus emphasized.
As one of Indonesia’s most active volcanoes, Merapi’s consistent activity requires heightened attention to mitigate risks and safeguard lives in surrounding areas.
(Becky)
