Bandung, IndonesiaSentinel.com — Sunda Wiwitan, an ancient belief system practiced by the Sundanese people for generations, stands as a testament to the preservation of local wisdom and cultural identity in West Java. Rooted in ancient monotheism, followers of Sunda Wiwitan revere a supreme power known as Sang Hyang Kersa or Batara Tunggal, a reflection of their deep spiritual connection to the natural world.
Origins and Meaning of Sunda Wiwitan
The word “Wiwitan” itself means origin, beginning, or essence, signifying that this tradition is the foundational belief system of the Sundanese people. Sunda Wiwitan traces its roots back to ancient times and continues to thrive in several regions of West Java, including Cisolok (Sukabumi), Kanekes (Lebak, Banten), Ciptagelar Kasepuhan Banten Kidul, Kuningan, Cigugur, Kampung Naga, Cirebon, and Samarang (Garut).
Despite the encroachment of modernity, these communities have found ways to balance tradition with adaptation. While remaining steadfast in their ancestral beliefs, they are also open to interacting with the outside world, maintaining the vibrancy of their cultural heritage.
Core Beliefs of Sunda Wiwitan
At the heart of Sunda Wiwitan are several key principles that guide its followers:
- Reverence for Nature Sunda Wiwitan teaches the importance of respecting the environment. The people recognize that their survival is intricately tied to the land and its resources—water, agriculture, and shelter. This deep respect is reflected in their practices, such as the Baduy Dalam community’s strict prohibition on deforestation and environmental destruction.
- Belief System centers on the belief in Sang Hyang Kersa, the ultimate power. Followers also acknowledge the existence of three realms in human life:
- Buana Nyungcung: The highest realm, home to Sang Hyang Kersa.
- Buana Panca: The realm of humans and all living creatures.
- Buana Larang: The lowest realm, comparable to hell in other religious traditions.
This rich belief system emphasizes harmony with nature and loyalty to ancestral teachings, fostering a spiritual connection to both the material and metaphysical worlds.
Preserving Cultural Heritage
Sunda Wiwitan remains a valuable cultural legacy for the Sundanese people. The tradition instills a deep respect for nature, environmental sustainability, and adherence to timeless values passed down through generations. As one of Indonesia’s most unique cultural assets, exemplifies the enduring power of indigenous wisdom in modern society.
