Jakarta, Indonesia Sentinel — On Wednesday, November 27, 2024, Indonesia witnessed simultaneous regional elections for governors and deputy governors nationwide. However, Yogyakarta Special Region (DIY) stands out as the only province exempt from this democratic exercise. Instead, DIY adheres to a unique tradition that reflects its rich cultural heritage and historical significance.
While DIY’s voters participated in elections for mayors and regents across five districts, the gubernatorial position remains a non-electoral office. This is due to its distinctive status, enshrined in Law No. 13 of 2012 on Yogyakarta’s Special Autonomy, which preserves the region’s monarchical traditions.
The Legal Foundation of DIY’s Autonomy
The special status of Yogyakarta is rooted in historical recognition of its critical role in Indonesia’s fight for independence. In 1945, Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX and Paku Alam VIII declared their allegiance to the Republic of Indonesia through the Amanat 5 September 1945. In return, the central government granted Yogyakarta a unique status, ensuring its monarchical system would coexist with Indonesia’s republican governance.
Under Law No. 13/2012, the Sultan of Yogyakarta automatically assumes the gubernatorial role, while the Adipati Paku Alam serves as deputy governor. Both leaders are chosen based on hereditary lineage, rather than through elections.
Qualifications for Leadership
Article 18(c) of the law stipulates that candidates for the roles of governor and deputy governor must:
- Be Indonesian citizens.
- Uphold the principles of Pancasila, the 1945 Constitution, and national unity.
- Be the reigning Sultan Hamengkubuwono (governor) and Adipati Paku Alam (deputy governor).
This framework reflects the region’s commitment to preserving its cultural identity while participating in the national governance structure.
A Unique Process of Appointment
Unlike other provinces, the appointment of DIY’s governor and deputy governor involves formal recognition by the local legislative body (DPRD DIY) and the President of Indonesia. The process begins with the DPRD notifying the Sultan and Adipati about the conclusion of their terms.
The Sultan and Adipati submit their candidacy documents, which undergo verification by a special committee (Pansus). After approval, a legislative session is convened where the Sultan and Adipati present their vision and mission before their formal appointment.
This decision is then submitted to the President, who has five days to endorse it. The final step is a formal inauguration ceremony, symbolizing the continuation of Yogyakarta’s leadership within its historical framework.
Golkar’s Bahlil Lahadalia Rallies Support for Ridwan Kamil in Jakarta Election 2024
Why Yogyakarta’s System Matters
DIY’s governance model serves as a testament to Indonesia’s respect for diversity and local traditions. It merges monarchical customs with the broader republican framework, ensuring the region’s unique identity is preserved.
While the absence of a gubernatorial election may seem unconventional, it underscores Indonesia’s commitment to honoring the historical contributions of Yogyakarta to the nation’s formation. This special status reinforces the enduring bond between tradition and modern governance, making Yogyakarta a symbol of unity in diversity.
(Becky)
